How to Get Fit

How to "Get Fit"

Everyone is trying to "get fit". I see it on Pinterest, Instagram, magazines... everywhere! What does it mean to be fit, though? I might define it differently than a 50 year old. Or a high school football athlete may define it even more differently than the 50 year old. What do you define fit as?  What is fit for you?

I am going to start a series called "How to Get Fit". This will also be on my YouTube channel: VitaminKeay if you are more of a visual/audio person. There are a lot of different people in the world, at different stages in life. 
Disclaimer: Age can have an impact on how fit you are!
 As a child, being fit is easier and quite different than being a college student. (Can I get an AMEN?) This first blog post is for everyone, but as the series goes on,  it'll get more specific per population. 

1. Exercise

You can't get "fit" without exercising. (Unless you are a construction worker or have another strenuous job). And I'm not just talking about cardio here. Resistance training is such an important component to getting fit. 

What is resistance training? Resistance training is a form of exercise that improves muscular strength and endurance. During a resistance training workout, you move your limbs against resistance provided by your body weight, gravity, bands, weighted bars or dumbbells. Some exercise machines can also be used for resistance training. 

But isn't 80% of getting fit diet? Well, yes! However, if you tried to get fit through diet alone, you would lose some muscle mass along the way. About 25% of the weight you lose will be muscle. Resistance training or weight lifting prevents this loss of muscle from occurring  As you decrease body fat, and keep on or even gain muscle, you will maintain your basal metabolic rate (BMR). 

What is BMR? In the simplest terms, basal metabolic rate is the amount of calories you burn at rest. BMR keeps your body functioning. 




2. Drink Plenty of Water

Well, that is a known fact when trying to get fit. But why doesn't everyone do it then? I get busy at work and forget to drink water... I'm not feeling thirsty.... These are just a couple of the reasons I hear all the time. We all need to drink plenty of water, especially before, during and after exercise. Why the heck is water so important? It's a mediator for many bodily processes. When we are well hydrated, our body works better.  

Drinking water can prevent dehydration, a condition that can cause unclear thinking, result in mood change, cause your body to overheat, constipation, and kidney stones.

So how much should I drink? You should be drinking so much water that you can't think about drinking anything else. There are different guidelines for different groups of people (young, old, pregnant, athlete). Based on the DRI, 91 ounces of water is good enough! That is 11 cups of water!! So instead of counting... just drink, drink, and drink all day. 




3. Eat nutritious food! 

I avoided using the word "good" here because all food is good... except for celery. I don't know why God created celery! 

Nutritious food is gives your body the fuel it needs. We need the macronutrients: carbohydrates, protein and fat. (Yes we need fat too.) And the micronutrients like your vitamin and minerals are also SO important and are often overlooked. You can try to calculate the perfect nutritious meal plan, but life varies so here's an easy way to make sure you are getting all of your nutrients. (It's my secret )....

Eat a balanced meal. Eat your carbohydrates, protein, and healthy fats. Have some fruits and vegetables throughout your day. Eat some nuts as a snack. The government creates these nice nutrition guidelines for us... MyPlate is the perfect visual for how a healthful meal should be arranged. To be fit, you need to eat like it. 

Imagine your body is a car.... I'll imagine I'm a Jeep. You can't put cheap gas in a nice car! You also can't overfill your car with gas, there is a limit. Eat when you need the "fuel". 



So to get fit, exercise, drink plenty of water and eat nutritious food! These are three simple things you can think about. Go and get fit!! 



Intermittent Fasting - What is it?


Intermittent Fasting

Tatiana Keay, RD, CPT


Everyone may be quick to jump in to give their opinion on this topic. I was one of them when I overheard someone in my philosophy class raging about "intermittent fasting". To start off, I have to reveal that there are three different types of intermittent fasting. 
1.alternate day fasting

2.whole-day fasting

3.time-restricted feeding

For the sake of this post, I'll only be going over the current fad. When you read “intermittent fasting” throughout this post, I am regarding the time-restricted feeding type of fasting. In time-restricted feeding, 16-18 hours of the day are spent fasting or not eating. The other 6-8 hours are an open window for meal times.

So what is this intermittent fasting fad all about? It’s not really a diet because you are not restricting any foods. A “routine” is a better description of intermittent fasting.
A certain number of hours are designated as the fasting window and the remaining hours are the feeding window. You may ask, “So I eat all my calories in 6 hours!?” Yes, precisely.

Who the heck started this?

Martin Berhan a nutrition consultant and personal trainer popularized this diet. Martin's system is called the Leangains Method. Notice the feeding time is from noon-8pm allowing an 8 hour eating window. Of course, many people intermittently fasting are not following this EXACT regimen, but it is an example of what a day/week would look like. 




Consider This...
Before we get into the research, here are some of the claims to intermittent fasting.
  
Claims:
  • Decrease body fat percentage
  • Maintain/increase muscle mass
  • Longevity by decreasing risk of heart disease and cancer

Also, many “nutrition consultants” consider intermittent fasting NOT a diet, but a pattern of eating. It’s not about WHAT you eat but WHEN you eat.


Some Bio physiology
Between 18 and 24 hours of fasting, the following happen:
    • 50% increase in fat oxidation
    • 50% decrease in glucose oxidation
    • Declines in plasma insulin may contribute to the increase in lipolysis

In simpler terms, our body burns fat for fuel instead of carbohydrates. 
So the claim for decreased body fat is supported. 


What about my muscle? 

So we know that our body is burning fat for fuel but what about protein? This is a concern for many of us. We have worked hard for our muscle, and can't afford to lose any of it! Research studies did find that there is an increase in amino acid release, but the majority of these studies made comparisons between an overnight fast and a period ≥60 hours later. 

Intermittent fasting does not last for 60+ hours, only 18 at most. So the likelihood that you would lose all your muscle while intermittently fasting is low. 

The most interesting study I found was an 8 week experiment on male athletes conduced in 2016. There were 2 groups: one group practiced time-restricted feeding (TRF) and the other was on a regular diet.  
Researchers found that TRF group had 
1. A greater decrease in fat mass
2. Muscle mass remained the same between both groups
3. Lab values remained the same except testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 which decreased significantly in TRF group.

Dietitian Recommendations 
Intermittent fasting is NOT for everyone. Including me! I am a snacker and I like to eat throughout the day. Someone like my husband really enjoys this eating routine and has seen tremendous results.
If you do choose to try intermittent fasting, get medical supervision (RD, MD). Having a professional making sure you are getting all your nutrients within that 6-8 hour window can benefit. 

More research needed specifically for 
time-restricted feeding type of intermittent fasting.

What do you think? Would you be able to follow this eating routine? Comment below!


References

Grant M. Tinsley, Paul M. La Bounty; Effects of intermittent fasting on body composition and clinical health markers in humans, Nutrition Reviews, Volume 73, Issue 10, 1 October 2015, Pages 661–674, https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuv041
Clear, James; The Beginners Guide to Intermittent Fasting; http://jamesclear.com/the-beginners-guide-to-intermittent-fasting
Chaix, A., Zarrinpar, A., Miu, P., & Panda, S. (2014). Time-restricted feeding is a preventative and therapeutic intervention against diverse nutritional challenges. Cell Metabolism20(6), 991–1005. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2014.11.001
Moro, T., et al. (2016). "Effects of eight weeks of time-restricted feeding (16/8) on basal metabolism, maximal strength, body composition, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors in resistance-trained males." J Transl Med 14(1): 290.





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